TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
What is ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR?
The Importance of SSL for WordPress Websites
SSL (Secure Socket Layer) is important for WordPress sites because it protects data shared between the server and the user’s browser. Specifically, proper SSL/TLS encryption keeps sensitive information like passwords and payment details safe from hackers.
Moreover, Google and other search engines rank secure sites higher, so SSL isn’t just about safety—it’s also crucial for SEO. Without an SSL certificate, browsers might mark the site as “Not Secure,” which can scare users away.
Understanding ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR
Explanation of SSL/TLS Protocols
- SSL (Secure Socket Layer): SSL was the original security protocol developed to protect online data. Specifically, it encrypts the connection between the browser and the server, keeping sensitive information safe from attackers. However, over time, security weaknesses led to the replacement of SSL by its successor, TLS.
- TLS (Transport Layer Security): TLS is the more secure and modern version of SSL. Building on the same principles, it offers stronger encryption methods and security features. Although most contemporary websites use TLS, people still commonly refer to these security certificates as “SSL.”
How ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR Affects Website Visitors and SEO
User Experience: If visitors encounter ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR, they are effectively blocked from accessing your website. Naturally, this not only frustrates users but also can lead to a loss of trust in your site’s security. As a result, users might think twice before returning to your site, especially if they associate it with security risks.
SEO Impact: Search engines like Google prioritize secure websites in their rankings. Websites with SSL issues, including ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR, can suffer a decline in search engine rankings. This can lead to decreased visibility, less organic traffic, and ultimately, fewer conversions.
Google Chrome and other browsers might show a “Not Secure” warning for your site, which can make users less likely to click on it.
Bounce Rate: Upon seeing the SSL error, visitors are more likely to leave your site right away, which raises your bounce rate. A high bounce rate can hurt your SEO because search engines might think your site doesn’t offer valuable content.
Common Causes of ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR
1. Incorrect SSL Certificate Installation
An SSL certificate must be properly installed on the server for a secure connection. Otherwise, incorrect installation can lead to errors like ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR. This might involve issues such as mismatched domain names, incomplete certificate chains, or incorrect server configurations. To troubleshoot, check that you have installed the certificate correctly, matched the domain name, and completed the certificate chain.
Manually Installing an SSL Certificate in WordPress via cPanel
Step 1: Access your site’s cPanel, navigate to the Security section, and select SSL/TLS.
Step 2: Choose the option to Generate, view, upload, or delete SSL certificates.
Step 3: Enter your certificate details in the Upload a New Certificate section.
Step 4: After the certificate appears in the Certificates on Server section, click Install to add it to your site.
2. Expired SSL Certificate
3. Outdated or Incorrect Browser Settings
How to update Safari
- Go to Apple menu > System Settings.
- Click General > Software Update.
- If any updates are available, click Update Now to install them.
- Your Mac will now update and may restart several times. Once it has updated, Safari will be up to date.
- If you want to keep Safari up to date, turn on the “Automatic updates” option in Software Update.
How to update Chrome
- On your computer, open Chrome.
- At the top right, select More
.
- If an update is pending, you’ll find:
- “Relaunch to update”
- “Finish update”
- “New Chrome available”
To update Google Chrome:
- On your computer, open Chrome.
- At the top right, click More
- Click Help
About Google Chrome.
- Click Update Google Chrome.
- Important: If you can’t find this button, you’re on the latest version.
- Click Relaunch.
Also, check that the system clock is accurate, as discrepancies can cause SSL errors.
4. Issues with Server Configurations
Server issues can also lead to SSL errors. This might include incorrect SSL/TLS versions, improper cipher suites, or server-side issues. Review your server’s SSL/TLS settings to ensure they meet current security standards. Using tools like SSL Labs’ SSL Test can help identify and resolve server configuration issues.
5. Firewall or Antivirus Software Interference
Occasionally, firewall or antivirus software can interfere with SSL connections by blocking or scanning secure traffic. This type of interference might therefore trigger SSL errors. To address this, check your firewall and antivirus settings to ensure they are not blocking SSL/TLS traffic. Additionally, temporarily disabling these applications can help identify if they are the cause of the problem.
Step-by-Step Solutions to Fix ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR
1. Check SSL Certificate:
- Verify the SSL Certificate Installation: Ensure that the SSL certificate is correctly installed on your server. You can use online tools like SSL Labs’ SSL Test to check for proper installation and certificate chain completeness.
- Ensure the Certificate is Not Expired: Regularly check your website’s security certificate, and renew it before it expires in order to keep your connections safe.
2. Update Your Browser:
- Clear Browser Cache and Cookies: Sometimes, outdated or corrupted cache and cookies can cause SSL errors. Clear your browser’s cache and cookies to refresh the connection.
- Update the Browser to the Latest Version: Make sure your browser is up-to-date to support the latest SSL/TLS protocols. Update your browser if needed.
3. Adjust Server Settings:
- Ensure Proper SSL/TLS Configuration on the Server: Verify that your server is configured correctly for SSL/TLS. This includes setting up appropriate cipher suites and SSL/TLS versions. As mentioned, use tools like SSL Labs’ SSL Test to assess your server’s configuration.
- Check for Protocol Mismatches (e.g., TLS Versions): Make sure your server and browser use compatible SSL/TLS protocols. Enable the right protocols and update your server settings if needed.
4. Disable Antivirus/Firewall Temporarily:
- How to Test if Antivirus or Firewall is Causing the Issue: Try turning off your antivirus or firewall temporarily to see if it’s causing the problem. If this fixes the error, update the settings to allow secure traffic.
5. Check for Mixed Content Issues:
- How Mixed Content Can Trigger SSL Errors: Mixed content occurs when a secure HTTPS page loads non-secure HTTP resources. This can cause SSL errors and security warnings in browsers.
- Steps to Identify and Fix Mixed Content on Your Site: Use an SSL checker tool to find mixed content on your site. Update all HTTP resources to HTTPS or modify your site’s code to ensure the site serves all content securely.
Preventing ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR in the Future
Regularly Update SSL Certificates
To Ensure Timely Renewal: Keep track of your website’s security certificate and renew it before it expires. Furthermore, consider setting up automated reminders or using a certificate management tool.
Monitor Website for Mixed Content
Regular Scans: Frequently scan your website for mixed content issues. Use an SSL checker tool to find and fix any non-secure HTTP resources on your HTTPS pages.
Update Resources: Ensure that all resources (images, scripts, stylesheets) load over HTTPS to maintain a fully secure connection.
Keep Server and Browser Configurations Up to Date
Server Configuration: Routinely review and update your server’s SSL/TLS settings to adhere to the latest security standards. Additionally, make sure outdated protocols and weak ciphers are disabled.
Browser Updates: Keep browsers updated to support the latest SSL/TLS protocols and security features. This helps ensure proper functionality and security for users accessing your site.
Implement HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security) for Added Security
Enable HSTS: Implement HSTS by adding the appropriate headers to your server configuration. HSTS ensures that browsers only connect to your site over HTTPS, which helps prevent certain types of SSL/TLS attacks.
Monitor HSTS Settings: Periodically check and update your HSTS settings to ensure they are correctly configured, thus avoiding potential security issues.
Conclusion
FAQ
What is ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR?
‘ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR’ is a browser error indicating a problem with the SSL/TLS protocol when trying to establish a secure connection between your browser and a website. This can be due to issues with the SSL certificate, server settings, or browser configurations.
How can I check if my SSL certificate is installed correctly?
Use online tools like SSL Labs’ SSL Test to verify the installation and configuration of your SSL certificate. These tools will provide a detailed report on the certificate’s status and any issues that may need addressing.
What should I do if clearing the browser cache doesn’t fix the SSL error?
If clearing the cache doesn’t resolve the issue, try updating your browser to the latest version, checking for mixed content on your site, or verifying server and SSL/TLS settings. Also, consider temporarily disabling your antivirus or firewall to see if they are causing the problem.
How often should I update my SSL certificate?
SSL certificates should be renewed before their expiration date, which is typically one to two years from the date of issuance. Set reminders for renewal or use automated tools to manage certificate updates.
What is HSTS and how does it help with SSL security?
HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security) is a web security policy that forces browsers to only connect to your site using HTTPS. This helps prevent certain types of SSL/TLS attacks and ensures a secure connection for users.
